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<seo metakeywords="Tâi-oân,Tâioân,Taioan,Taiwan,台灣,台員,臺灣" /> | |||
[[File:TaiwanInGlobe.svg|thumb|Tâi-oân tī Tē-kiû téng ê chē-chí.]] | [[File:TaiwanInGlobe.svg|thumb|Tâi-oân tī Tē-kiû téng ê chē-chí.]] | ||
'''Tâi-oân''' sī [[A-sè-a]] tang-pêng, óa tī [[Thài-pêng-iûⁿ]] sai-kîⁿ ê chi̍t-ê kok-tō͘, hâm [[Tâi-oân-tó]] kap [[Phêⁿ-ô͘ Lia̍t-tó]], [[Âng-thâu-sū]], [[Hóe-sio-tó]], [[Sió-liû-kiû]], kiam chi̍t kóa sio óa ê sió-tó. | |||
== Hō-miâ == | |||
"Tâi-oân" chit-ê miâ khó-lêng ê goân-thâu chi it sī {{ruby|[[Siraya-gí]]|Si-la-iah-gí}} ê {{ruby|''Tavoan''|Ta-boan}}. Nā Hàn-bûn kì-lio̍k lāi-bīn, tāi-seng sī chhut {{ruby|大員|Tāi-oân}} chit-lê siá-hoat. Hô-lân sî-tāi koh ū kì {{ruby|''Tayouan''|Ta-io-oan}} chit-lê miâ.<ref>溫振華 (2018). "「臺灣」地名由來及全島指稱過程". 臺灣學通訊. 國立臺灣圖書館. (105).</ref> | |||
Se-iûⁿ-kài tī chiâⁿ tn̂g ê sî-kan tang-tiong sī khah chia̍p ēng {{ruby|''Formosa''|Hu-loh-mó͘-sah}} chheng-ho͘ Tâi-oân. Mā ū ''Formosa'' tī kî-tha giân-gí ê piàn-hêng, chhin-chhiūⁿ Se-pan-gâ-gí ê {{ruby|''Hermosa''|Eh-loh-mó͘-sah}}.<ref>[[Koa Siat-kai]] (1927-03). "Tâi-oân ê Bêng-chheng". ''Kòa-chhài chí''.</ref> | |||
Hiān-chú-sî sè-sio̍k kóng "Tâi-oân", ū-sî piáu-sī kui-ê hō͘ siat tī Tâi-oân ê [[Tiong-hoa Bîn-kok]] chèng-hú só͘ chiàm ê só͘-chāi. Chóng-sī che tang-tiong [[Kim-mn̂g]] kap [[Má-chó͘]] sio̍k Chi-ná ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn, in koán-lāi ê tē-hng tī kok-chè-hoat ê lí-lō͘ tang-tiong kap Tâi-oân-tó kiam Phêⁿ-ô͘ Lia̍t-tó chit pêng sī pun-khui ê si̍t-thé.<ref>[https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1955/feb/04/formosa-and-the-pescadores-treaties Formosa and the Pescadores (Treaties)]. HC Deb 04 February 1955 vol 536 cc159-60W.</ref> | |||
== Le̍k-sú == | == Le̍k-sú == | ||
Chiàu khó-kó͘ gián-kiù thang chai-iáⁿ chēng [[Kū-chio̍h-khì Sî-tāi]], tāi-iok 30,000 tang chêng, Tâi-oân chit só͘-chāi tō ū lâng ê bûn-hòa tī--leh.<ref name="Kuo2016">Su-chiu Kuo (2019). [https://books.google.com/books?id=rxnCDwAAQBAJ ''New Frontiers in the Neolithic Archaeology of Taiwan (5600–1800 BP): A Perspective of Maritime Cultural Interaction'']. Springer Nature.</ref> Nā chiàu giân-gí-ha̍k ê hun-sek, mā ū thui-lūn kóng [[Chú-chiân]] 2000 nî chìn-chêng siōng-chá ê [[Lâm-tó-hē]] jîn-kûn í-keng khiā tī Tâi-oân. | |||
17 sè-kí ê sî-chūn, Tang-sai-iûⁿ | 17 sè-kí ê sî-chūn, Tang-sai-iûⁿ kiâⁿ-hái kiam seng-lí-lâng lóng ū leh chhōe ki-hōe tiàm Tâi-oân khí siong-gia̍p ki-tē he̍k-chiá sī khai-hoat chu-goân. 1624 nî Hô-lân tī Tâi-oân ê si̍t-bîn-tē khai-ki. [[Hô-lân Tang Ìn-tō͘ Kong-si]] tāi-seng tī Tâi-oân lâm-pêng khí-siat [[Zeelandia]] siâⁿ, só͘-chāi tī kin-á-ji̍t ê [[Tâi-lâm]] [[An-pêng]]. Hit chūn in kā he hū-kīn hō chò ''Tayouan''. 1626 nî, koh ū Se-pan-gâ ê sè-le̍k lâi kàu Tâi-oân ê pak-pêng siat tiám kiam thoân-kàu. 1642 nî, Hô-lân kah chi̍t kóa chāi-tē goân-chūn-bîn sè-le̍k sio-tàu, kā Se-pân-gâ-lâng kóaⁿ cháu. | ||
1661 nî, Kok-sèng-iâ [[Tēⁿ Sêng-kong]] chhōa i-ê lām-tūi | 1661 nî, Kok-sèng-iâ [[Tēⁿ Sêng-kong]] chhōa i-ê lām-tūi kòe Tâi-oân, 1662 nî chiàn-iâⁿ Tang Ìn-tō͘ Kong-si. Liáu-āu kah Hô-lân-lâng chhiam tiâu-iok hō͘ in thè-cháu. 1683 nî, [[Chheng-kok]] phah iâⁿ Tēⁿ--sī, liáu-kiat [[Tang-lêng-kok]] ê thóng-tī. Liáu-āu Chheng-kok beh nn̄g-pah tang ê sî-kan pàng Tâi-oân ka-tī leh ūn-choán, tōa-phìⁿ só͘-chāi sī goân-chū-bîn pō͘-cho̍k khòng-chè, bô siū Chheng-kok koaⁿ-hú thóng-tī. | ||
1871 nî, chi̍t kóa [[Liû-kiû]] lâng tī Tâi-oân lâm-pō͘ khò tio̍h hái- | 1871 nî, chi̍t kóa [[Liû-kiû]] lâng tī Tâi-oân lâm-pō͘ khò tio̍h hái-kîⁿ, soah hō͘ chāi-tē [[Bó͘-tan-siā]] ê lâng thâi--sí, ín-khí [[Bó͘-tan-siā sū-kiāⁿ]]. Chia-ê lâng Chheng-kok bô beh koán, só͘-tì Ji̍t-pún thó bô pôe-siông, sòa tī 1874 nî hiòng Bó͘-tan-siā hoat-peng. Chit-ê gōa-kau chhiong-tu̍t kàu-bóe sī Eng-kok-lâng lâi pâi-kái. | ||
Chheng-kok tī 1894 nî | Chheng-kok tī 1887 nî siat Tâi-oân chò i-ê sin séng-hūn, soah tī 1894 nî [[Kah-ngó͘ Chiàn-cheng|Ji̍t-Cheng Chiàn-cheng]] tang-tiong chiàn-su. Liáu-āu keng-kòe [[Shimonoseki Tiâu-iok]], tī 1895 nî kā Tâi-oân koah hō͘ Ji̍t-pún. Chit-ê an-pâi ín-khí Tâi-oân ê Chheng-kok koaⁿ-liâu kap chāi-tē sin-sū chhòng [[Tâi-oân Bîn-chú-kok]], chóng-sī tī [[It-bī Chiàn-cheng]] tang-tiong chiàn-su sit-sè. | ||
Tī Ji̍t-pún koán niá tang-tiong, Tâi-oân tī kau-thong, tiān-le̍k, chúi-lī, kong-chiòng ōe-seng téng-téng hong-bīn lóng phēng chìn-chêng hoat-tián chin-chē. Gī-bū kàu-io̍k mā sī chi̍t chūn ín-ji̍p. Chóng-tok-hú tùi chá-chêng Chheng-kok bô khòng-chè ê só͘-chāi chìn-peng kiàn-li̍p thóng-tī ín-khí bē-chió chiàn-sū. [[Tē-jī-chhù Sè-kài Tāi-chiàn]] tī 1945 nî kiat-sok, [[Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi]] tòe teh soah, chóng-sī kàu 1952 nî [[San Francisco Tiâu-iok]] ê an-pâi sit-si chìn-chêng, Tâi-oân iû-oân sio̍k Ji̍t-pún léng-thó͘. | |||
Chiàn-cheng āu Thài-pêng-iûⁿ khu Chòe-ko Su-lēng [[Douglas MacArthur]] an-pâi Chi-ná chiap-siū Ji̍t-pún tī Tâi-oân ê tâu-hâng khang-khòe. Chi-ná tī kun-sū chiàm-niá tang-tiong sa-lia̍h chu-goân kiam chè-hān chāi-tē chham-chèng, kàu-bóe tī 1947 nî ín-khí [[Jī-jī-pat Sū-kiaⁿ]], Chi-ná phài kun-tūi tī 3, 4 goe̍h thâi--sí chē-chē Tâi-oân tiōng-iàu jîn-bu̍t kap bîn-chiòng. 1948 nî 2 goe̍h 28, [[Liāu Bûn-gē]] kap chi̍t kóa [[tâi-oân to̍k-li̍p ūn-tōng]]-chiá sêng-li̍p [[Tâi-oân Chài-kái-hòng Liân-bêng]]. | |||
1949 nî, tī [[Chi-ná Lōe-chiàn]] sit-sè ê Tiong-hoa Bîn-kok chèng-hú, tiō sī [[Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k]] ê chèng-khoân, liû-bông Tâi-oân. [[Bí-kok]] oan-ná koh jīn in chò Chi-ná chèng-hú it-ti̍t kàu 1979 nî. Chiúⁿ chèng-khoân tē-jī-tāi [[Chiúⁿ Keng-kok]] tī 1988 nî sí, tè-bé chóng-thóng ūi ōaⁿ Tâi-oân-lâng [[Lí Teng-hui]] teh hōaⁿ. Lí Teng-hui tī 1996 nî pān thâu chi̍t kái ê chóng-thóng soán-kí, soán iâⁿ tāi-piáu hoán-tùi-phài [[Bîn-chú Chìn-pō͘-tóng]] ê to̍k-li̍p ūn-tōng-chiá [[Phêⁿ Bêng-bín]], thang liân-jīm Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chóng-thóng. | |||
== Tē-lí == | |||
[[File:TaiwanRelief.png|thumb|Tâi-oân ê tē-hêng kài-lio̍k.]] | |||
Tâi-oân tē-lí ē-tàng tāi-khài hun tang-sai nn̄g pêng. Óa tang-pêng tōa-pō͘-hūn sī soaⁿ-tē, chiàm chha-put-to 3 hūn 2 ê thó͘-tē. Nā koân 1000 kong-chhioh í-siōng ê soaⁿ-tē, chiàm Tâi-oân 31% ê biān-chek. Phó͘-thong kā Tâi-oân ê tōa-phìⁿ soaⁿ-tē pun chò gō͘-ê [[soaⁿ-me̍h]], tiō sī [[Tiong-iong Soaⁿ-me̍h|Tiong-iong]], [[Gio̍k-san Soaⁿ-me̍h|Gio̍k-san]], [[Soat-san Soaⁿ-me̍h|Soat-san]], [[A-lí-san Soaⁿ-me̍h|A-lí-san]], kiam [[Hái-hōaⁿ Soaⁿ-me̍h|Hái-hōaⁿ]] sì tè. [[Gio̍k-san]] ê soaⁿ-chiam sī Tâi-oân siōng-koân-tiám, tùi hái-pêng-bīn sǹg khí ū 3,952 kong-chhioh koân. | |||
Tâi-oân kok tē-hng oân-á ū chi̍t kóa pun-sòaⁿ ê soaⁿ-tē. Tang-tiong pak-po͘, tang-pō͘, kiam se-pō͘ lóng ū hóe-soaⁿ-tīn. Koh tōa-pō͘-hūn ê sì-ûi tó-sū mā sī kó͘-chá hoe-soaⁿ oa̍h-tāng ê kiat-kó. Pak-pō͘ ê [[Tōa-tūn-soaⁿ]], [[Ke-lâng-soaⁿ]] kap [[Koan-im-soaⁿ]] sī tang-tiong siōng tōa. Tâi-oân sai-lâm-pō͘ ū chi̍t kóa [[kún-chúi-soaⁿ]], chú-iàu sī [[thian-jiân gá-suh]] phùn-hoat sán-seng.<ref>"台灣火山分布". 臺灣地理線上百科資料庫.</ref> | |||
Nā Tâi-oân ê pêⁿ-po͘ khah chē tī se-pō͘, tòa chia ê jîn-kháu chiàm chóng-gia̍h ê 90 pha-sén. [[Ka-lâm pêⁿ-po͘]] tùi [[Chiong-hòa]] sòa kah [[Ko-hiông]], lâm-pak hâⁿ 180 kong-lí, tang-sai 50 kong-lí, chóng bīn-chek 4550 pêng-hong kong-lí, sī jîn-kháu khiā-khí kiam lông-gia̍p seng-sán ê chú-iàu só͘-chāi.<ref>"嘉南平原". 臺灣地理線上百科資料庫.</ref> | |||
Tâi-oân ê [[khe]] tang-tiong siōng tn̂g ê sī [[Lô-chúi-khe]], ū 186.4 kong-lí, goân-thâu tī Ha̍p-hoan-soaⁿ kap i-ê tang soaⁿ-chiam tiong-ng. Lô-chúi-khe ê chúi-thâu 段 ū khí kúi-nā keng hoat-tiān-só͘ kiam chúi-khò͘; tùi soaⁿ-tē chhut--lâi liáu-āu koh chè-chō khoe-sìⁿ-hêng ê pêⁿ-po͘.<ref>"濁水溪". 臺灣地理線上百科資料庫.</ref> | |||
== Chham-chiàu == | == Chham-chiàu == | ||
* Lung-chu Chen (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=vNYdDAAAQBAJ ''The U.S.-Taiwan-China Relationship in International Law and Policy'']. Oxford University Press. | * Lung-chu Chen (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=vNYdDAAAQBAJ ''The U.S.-Taiwan-China Relationship in International Law and Policy'']. Oxford University Press. | ||
=== Chù-kha === | |||
<references /> | <references /> | ||