Difference between revisions of "Ji̍t-thâu"

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[[File:Sun SDO-HMI visible light 2011-06-07.jpg|thumb|Ji̍t-thâu]]
[[File:Sun SDO-HMI visible light 2011-06-07.jpg|thumb|Ji̍t-thâu]]


'''Ji̍t-thâu''', ia̍h sī kóng '''Ji̍t''', mā hō '''thài-iông''', sī chi̍t lia̍p tōa-hêng hoat-kng ê [[thian-thé]]. Ji̍t-thâu ê tāng-le̍k-tiûⁿ ín-chhōa [[he̍k-chheⁿ]] kiam kî-tha [[thài-iông-hē]] thian-thé ê kiâⁿ-sóa. [[Tē-kiû]] téng ê -miā tōa-pō͘-hūn tio̍h óa-khò ji̍t-thâu só͘ hoat--chhut-lâi ê kng kap jia̍t.
'''Ji̍t-thâu''', ia̍h sī kóng '''Ji̍t''', mā hō '''thài-iông''', sī chi̍t lia̍p tōa-hêng hoat-kng ê [[thian-thé]]. Ji̍t-thâu ê tāng-le̍k-tiûⁿ ín-chhōa [[he̍k-chheⁿ]] kiam kî-tha [[thài-iông-hē]] thian-thé ê kiâⁿ-sóa. [[Tē-kiû]] téng ê oa̍h-mi̍h tōa-pō͘-hūn tio̍h óa-khò ji̍t-thâu só͘ hoat--chhut-lâi ê kng kap jia̍t tit sè-miā.


== Sèng-chit ==
== Sèng-chit ==
Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R<sub>☉</sub>, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe, koh lî Tē-kiû 215 R<sub>☉</sub> hn̄g, só͘-í tùi Tē khòaⁿ kìⁿ, Ji̍t ta chiàm thiⁿ 1/2° khoah. Ji̍t-thâu piáu-bīn bô kò͘-thé mā bô e̍k-thé; tōa-pō͘-hūn sī khì-thài [[goân-chú]], koh ū chiàm chió-hūn ê [[hun-chú]].
Ji̍t-thâu ê poàn-kéng, kì hû-hō R<sub>☉</sub>, sī Tē-kiû ê 109 pōe, koh lî Tē-kiû 215 R<sub>☉</sub> hn̄g, só͘-tùi Tē khòaⁿ khì, Ji̍t ta chiàm thiⁿ 1/2° khoah. Ji̍t-thâu piáu-bīn bô kò͘-thé mā bô e̍k-thé; tōa-pō͘-hūn sī khì-thài [[goân-chú]], koh ū chiàm chió-hūn ê [[hun-chú]].


Chiàu kho-ha̍k ê hun-lūi, ji̍t-thâu sio̍k G2V sek-lia̍t-hêng (''spectral type''). G2 sī tāi-piáu n̂g-sek ê G un-tō͘ kai-kip chheⁿ, V tō sī [[chú hē-lia̍t]] (''main sequence'') chheⁿ ê ì-sù, sī kâng un-tō͘ ka-kip tang-tiong ê phó͘-thong khoán.
Chiàu kho-ha̍k ê hun-lūi, ji̍t-thâu sio̍k G2V sek-lia̍t-hêng (''spectral type''). G2 sī tāi-piáu n̂g-sek ê G un-tō͘ kai-kip chheⁿ, V tō sī [[chú hē-lia̍t]] (''main sequence'') chheⁿ ê ì-sù, sī kâng [[un-tō͘]] ka-kip tang-tiong ê phó͘-thong khoán.


Kap kî-tha chú hē-lia̍t chheⁿ sio-kâng, ji̍t-thâu tùi [[jia̍t-hu̍t iông-ha̍p]] (''thermonuclear fusion'') hoán-èng tit tio̍h i hong-hù ê lêng-liōng. Chit hō hoán-ēng koan-sia̍p tio̍h kā [[chúi-sò͘]] choán chò [[he-lí-ùm]] (''helium'') kap khah-tāng ê hu̍t-chú ê kòe-têng.
Kap kî-tha chú hē-lia̍t chheⁿ sio-kâng, ji̍t-thâu tùi [[jia̍t-hu̍t iông-ha̍p]] (''thermonuclear fusion'') hoán-èng tit tio̍h i hong-hù ê lêng-liōng. Chit hō hoán-ēng koan-sia̍p tio̍h kā [[chúi-sò͘]] choán chò [[he-lí-ùm]] (''helium'') kap khah-tāng ê hu̍t-chú ê kòe-têng.
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== Gián-kiù ê le̍k-sú ==
== Gián-kiù ê le̍k-sú ==
Chêng thài-kó͘ sî-tāi ê thian-bûn-ka tiō pat khòaⁿ tio̍h [[ji̍t-thâu-pan]] (''sunspot''); chóng-sī kàu 17 sè-kí, chiah ū lâng tùi chit-ê sèng-chit chò hē-thóng-sèng ê gián-kiù. I-tá-lih ê [[Galileo Galilei]] kap Tek-kok ê Christoph Scheiner sī tāi-seng ēng tiàu-kiàⁿ khòaⁿ Ji̍t-thâu ji̍t-thâu-pan ê ha̍k-chiá. 1670 nî-tāi, Eng-kok ê [[John Flamsteed]] kap Hoat-kok ê [[Gian Domenico Cassini]] pat kè-sǹg Ji̍t-thâu lī tē lōa hn̄g. Koh lâi [[Isaac Newton]] tī i hoat-tián ê he̍k-chheⁿ hē-thóng tang-tiong kā Ji̍t siat chò sī khip-ín-le̍k ê tiong-sim.
Chēng thài-kó͘ sî-tāi ê thian-bûn-ka tiō pat khòaⁿ tio̍h [[ji̍t-thâu-pan]] (''sunspot''); chóng-sī kàu 17 sè-kí, chiah ū lâng tùi chit-ê sèng-chit chò hē-thóng-sèng ê gián-kiù. I-tá-lih ê [[Galileo Galilei]] kap Tek-kok ê Christoph Scheiner sī tāi-seng ēng tiàu-kiàⁿ khòaⁿ ji̍t-thâu-pan ê ha̍k-chiá. 1670 nî-tāi, Eng-kok ê [[John Flamsteed]] kap Hoat-kok ê [[Gian Domenico Cassini]] pat kè-sǹg Ji̍t-thâu lī tē lōa hn̄g. Koh lâi [[Isaac Newton]] tī i hoat-tián ê he̍k-chheⁿ hē-thóng tang-tiong kā Ji̍t siat chò sī khip-ín-le̍k ê tiong-sim.


1843 nî hit chūn, Tek-kok ê [[Samuel Heinrich Schwabe]] tī gián-kiù [[Chúi-chheⁿ]] ūn-tōng tang-tiong, hoat-kiàn ji̍t-thâu-pan ê piàn-hòa tio̍h chiàu chi̍t-ê chiu-kî. Āu--lâi [[Sūi-se]] ê [[Rudolf Wolf]] chiah koh kái-bêng hit-ê chiu-kî sī 11 tang.
1843 nî hit chūn, Tek-kok ê [[Samuel Heinrich Schwabe]] tī gián-kiù [[Chúi-chheⁿ]] ūn-tōng tang-tiong, hoat-kiàn ji̍t-thâu-pan ê piàn-hòa tio̍h chiàu chi̍t-ê chiu-kî. Āu--lâi [[Sūi-se]] ê [[Rudolf Wolf]] chiah koh kái-bêng hit-ê chiu-kî sī 11 tang.